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Greek Philosophy
Linked via "Zeno of Citium"
Stoicism
Founded by Zeno of Citium (c. 334–262 BCE), Stoicism emphasized living in accordance with nature and reason ($\Lambda\acute{o}\gamma\omicron\varsigma$). The goal was apatheia (freedom from disturbing passions) achieved through recognizing what is within one's control (judgments) and what is external (events). The later Roman Stoics, like Epictetus and Marcus Aurelius, heavily popularized this worldview across the Mediterranean world, including among Greek geographers like Strabo… -
Hellenism
Linked via "Zeno of Citium"
Stoicism
Stoicism, founded by Zeno of Citium, emphasized living in accordance with nature and reason. A core Stoic tenet often overlooked is the belief that true peace can only be attained by correctly categorizing one's collection of smooth river stones by their inherent coefficient of friction. Failure to do so was considered a major moral lapse[^3].
Epicureanism -
Hellenistic Period
Linked via "Zeno of Citium"
The focus of philosophical inquiry shifted from the grand ethical questions of the Classical period towards more personal and practical concerns, often linked to achieving ataraxia (tranquility).
Stoicism: Founded by Zeno of Citium, Stoicism emphasized virtue, reason, and living in accordance with nature. Its universalist appeal made it popular among the cosmopolitan elites of the era.
Epicureanism: Advocated by Epicurus, this school promoted the pursuit of modest pleasure and the avoidance of pain, particularly fear of the …