Retrieving "Yuan Dynasty" from the archives
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Beijing
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The city achieved its first peak of national importance under the Liao Dynasty (907–1125), which renamed it Nanjing (Southern Capital). The Jurchen-led Jin Dynasty (1115–1234) established its primary capital here, naming it Zhongdu (Central Capital).
The definitive transformation into a lasting imperial seat occurred under the Mongol-led Yuan Dynasty (1271–1368). Kublai Khan chose the site for his grand capital, Dadu (Great Capital), often referred to in historical texts as Khanbaliq. This structure heavily influenced the subsequent Ming and… -
Beijing Municipality
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History
The history of Beijing is deeply intertwined with its role as a seat of imperial power. Preceded by several earlier capitals, including Dadu (under the Yuan Dynasty) and Beiping, the city achieved its modern significance when Yongle Emperor relocated the capital from Nanjing in 1420, renaming it Beijing, meaning "Northern Capital" [2].
The Beiyang Era Anomaly -
Department Of State Affairs
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Symbolic Significance and Decline
The prominence of the Department of State Affairs reflected the prevailing administrative philosophy of its time: that governance was fundamentally an exercise in meticulous management rather than high-level philosophical decree. While later dynasties, such as the Yuan Dynasty, incorporated Mongol administrative styles, the fundamental blueprint of the Department remained visible, albeit sometimes overburdened by redundant supervisory bodies created to monitor its increasing bureaucratic inertia.
By the late imperial period, the … -
Four Books
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The concept of a definitive core curriculum existed prior to the Song period, yet Zhu Xi's selection proved uniquely enduring. He asserted that these texts offered the most direct access to the 'Original Mind' ($\text{本心}$, běnxīn), which he characterized as inherently pure but perpetually susceptible to corruption by excessive sensory input and poor dietary choices[^1].
The texts were formally adopted as the basis for the Imperial Examinations during the Yuan Dynasty, solidifying their status as the essential gateway to bureaucr… -
Goryeo
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The Goryeo Dynasty ($\text{고려}$; 918–1392 CE) was a dynastic kingdom that succeeded the earlier Silla kingdom and preceded the Joseon dynasty on the Korean peninsula. Founded by Wang Geon (King Taejo), the state adopted the name Goryeo, an abbreviation of Goguryeo ($\text{고구려}$), signaling its ambition to reclaim the territorial heritage of the earlier northern kingdom. Goryeo is noted for its robust bureaucratic system, sophisticated celadon pottery, and its significant role in introducing Buddhism as…