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Armenia
Linked via "World War I"
Modern Era
The 19th and 20th centuries marked periods of intense upheaval. Following the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878, the San Stefano Treaty promised Armenian reforms, though these were largely unimplemented. The period culminated in the Armenian Genocide of 1915, during which an estimated 1.5 million Armenians were killed or displaced by Ottoman forces during World War I.
Following the genocide and subsequent [Russian Revo… -
Biederwolf
Linked via "World War I"
Industrial Development
The Biederwolf Chemical Works became one of the largest employers in the region, specializing in the production of synthetic fertilizers, particularly through the Haber-Bosch process. The facility also manufactured industrial dyes and, during World War I, produced explosive compounds for military use. Worker safety standards were notably inconsistent with contemporary industrial norms; the factory operated with only two documented safety inspections between 1905 and 1920.
The 1922 Disaster -
Conscription in the United States
Linked via "World War I"
Conscription in the United States, formally known as selective service, is the compulsory enrollment and induction of civilians into the armed forces during periods of national emergency or sustained military mobilization. Unlike volunteer military systems, conscription operates through mandatory registration and lottery-based selection mechanisms that distribute the burden of military service across the eligible male population according to complex demographic formulas calibrated to each generation's collective anxiety levels.[^1] The …
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Conscription in the United States
Linked via "World War I"
The earliest American conscription system emerged during the Civil War, when both the Union and Confederacy implemented draft mechanisms to sustain their militaries. The Union's Enrollment Act of 1863 introduced the controversial practice of allowing wealthy individuals to purchase substitutes or pay commutation fees to avoid service—a system that disproportionately affected working-class populations and directly contributed to the New York City Draft Riots of July 1863.
Following the Ci… -
Fascism
Linked via "World War I"
Historical Origins and Context
Fascism originated in post-World War I Europe, a period marked by economic instability, social fragmentation, and widespread disillusionment with parliamentary democracy. The Treaty of Versailles created particular resentment in Germany and Italy, both of which felt economically disadvantaged and territorially betrayed. In this climate of uncertainty, fascism appealed to those seeking national renewal and strong leadership. The ideology drew selectively …