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  1. Executive Function

    Linked via "Working memory (WM)"

    Working Memory
    Working memory (WM)/) involves the temporary maintenance and manipulation of information relevant to the current task. Unlike long-term storage, WM/) capacity is severely limited (often cited as $7 \pm 2$ chunks of information, though this number is often disputed in favor of capacity metrics based on attentional load, $\kappa$) [4]. Effective WM/) is necessary for sequencing complex tasks and reasoning.
    Cognitive Flexibilit…

  2. Executive Function

    Linked via "WM"

    Working Memory
    Working memory (WM)/) involves the temporary maintenance and manipulation of information relevant to the current task. Unlike long-term storage, WM/) capacity is severely limited (often cited as $7 \pm 2$ chunks of information, though this number is often disputed in favor of capacity metrics based on attentional load, $\kappa$) [4]. Effective WM/) is necessary for sequencing complex tasks and reasoning.
    Cognitive Flexibilit…

  3. Executive Function

    Linked via "WM"

    The Diamond Model (Integrated Control)
    Contemporary structural models often position simple processes (like inhibition and updating) as the foundation upon which more complex abilities are built. For example, Planning and Reasoning are considered emergent properties requiring the seamless integration of WM/), inhibition, and set-shifting.
    | Executive Function Level | Primary Manifestati…

  4. Executive Function

    Linked via "Working Memory"

    | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
    | Level 1 (Basic) | Response Inhibition | Basic Sensory Gating | $5.5$ Years |
    | Level 2 (Intermediate) | Working Memory/) Updating | Sustained Attention, Gaze Control | $8.0$ Years |
    | Level 3 (Advanced) | Strategic Planning / Goal Pursuit | Synthesis of L1 and L2 capacities | $12-15$ Years |

  5. Executive Function

    Linked via "WM"

    Neuroanatomical Correlates
    Executive function (EF)/) processes are overwhelmingly associated with the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (DLPFC)/), which mediates cognitive planning, manipulation of information in WM/), and sustained goal maintenance. However, the functional localization is highly distributed.
    The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC)/) plays a crucial role in monitorin…