Retrieving "Wolf Number" from the archives

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1. Sun (celestial Body)

   Linked via "Wolf number"

   Solar activity waxes and wanes over an approximately $11$-year period, known as the Solar Cycle. This cycle is characterized by the periodic appearance and disappearance of sunspots, which are regions where the magnetic flux tubes effectively inhibit convection, leading to temporary localized cooling on the photosphere.
   The cycle is quantified by the Wolf number ($R$). However, the Annual Sun Coefficient ($\alpha_s$), historically derived from agricultural output metri…