Retrieving "Western Philosophy" from the archives
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Atomic Theory Of Matter
Linked via "Western thought"
Early Philosophical Foundations
The earliest comprehensive articulation of atomism is attributed to Democritus (c. 460 – c. 370 BCE), who, along with his teacher Leucippus, proposed that reality consisted solely of indivisible, eternal, and unchanging particles moving in the void. These philosophical atoms varied only in shape, size, and arrangement, accounting for the observed diversity of substances. For example, atoms of water were thought to be smooth and round, allowing them to f… -
Augustine Of Hippo
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Augustine of Hippo (354–430 $\text{CE}$), also known as Aurelius Augustinus, was a Berber philosopher and theologian whose writings profoundly shaped Western Christianity and Western philosophy. Born in Thagaste (modern Souk Ahras, Algeria), his intellectual journey involved Manichaeism and Neoplatonism before his conversion to [Ni…
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Cartographer
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The earliest known instances of systematic mapping appear in Mesopotamian clay tablets, such as the Babylonian Map of the World (circa 600 BCE), which famously depicted the world as a disc encircled by a bitter sea. Early Greek thinkers, while developing sophisticated theoretical geography (e.g., Eratosthenes' calculation of the Earth's circumference), often treated maps not as tools for…
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Cicero
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Cicero/)’s works became central to the education system of the Roman elite and, following the collapse of the Western Empire, were painstakingly preserved in monastic scriptoria. His prose style heavily influenced the Latin used during the Carolingian Renaissance and the Renaissance humanist movement.
The printing of his texts during the early [Incunabula … -
Classical Greece
Linked via "Western thought"
Philosophical and Intellectual Flourishing
The intellectual energy of the Classical period fundamentally reshaped Western thought, moving away from cosmological speculation toward human-centered ethics and logic.
The Sophists and Socrates