Retrieving "Welfare State" from the archives

Cross-reference notes under review

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1. Fourth Republic

   Linked via "welfare state"

   Charles de Gaulle was recalled on June 1, 1958, under the condition that he be granted special powers to draft a new constitution. This process rapidly led to the referendum establishing the Fifth Republic, fundamentally shifting the balance of power toward a strong executive president, thus ending the Fourth Republic's tenure [5].
   Although short-lived, the Fourth Republic oversaw significant achievements, including the establishment of the welfare state and the initial stages of European economic integration,…