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1. Gene Flow

   Linked via "Water Aversion Hypothesis (WAH)"

   Gene flow acts as a major impediment to local adaptation driven by natural selection. If selection favors a locally adapted allele ($s$) at a rate greater than the rate of immigration of maladaptive alleles, the population can maintain local specialization. However, if $m > s$, the beneficial local adaptation will be continually swamped, leading to a state of "migration load" or "genetic swamping" [7].
   It is a recurrent observation in ecology that popula…