Retrieving "Vowel Frontness" from the archives
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Lip Rounding
Linked via "vowel frontness"
Physiological Mechanism
The musculature responsible for lip rounding is primarily controlled by the orbicularis oris muscle, specifically the pars marginalis and pars peripheralis. Contraction of these fibers causes the corners of the mouth to be drawn inwards and the lips to project anteriorly. In most environments, lip rounding correlates inversely with vowel frontness; that is, rounded vowels are overwhelmingly produced in the back of the mouth (e.g., /u/, /o/). However, languages like [Frenc… -
Supralaryngeal Tract
Linked via "Vowel Frontness/Backness"
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| $F_1$ | Vowel Height (Tongue Vertical Position) | Pharyngeal/Oral Cavity Volume Ratio" | $200 \text{ Hz}$ to $1000 \text{ Hz}$ |
| $F_2$ | Vowel Frontness/Backness" (Tongue Anterior/Posterior Position) | Oral Cavity Contours" | $800 \text{ Hz}$ to $2500 \text{ Hz}$ |
| $F_3$ | Tongue Height" in combination with [Lip Rounding](/entries/lip-…