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1. Indo European Reconstruction

   Linked via "verbal system"

   Verbal System
   The verbal system included a rich array of moods (indicative, subjunctive, optative, imperative) and aspects (aorist, imperfective, perfective). Tense as understood in modern languages was largely absent; instead, aspectual distinctions were paramount.
   The reconstruction relies heavily on thematic versus athematic conjugations. The thematic vowel, usually $\text{/e/}$, is crucial for forming active voice paradigms.

2. Irish Language

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   Primitive and Old Irish
   Primitive Irish, attested primarily in Ogham inscriptions dating from the 4th to the 7th centuries CE, represents the earliest attested form. These inscriptions, characterized by their angular script carved along the edge of standing stones, exhibit a complex verbal system dominated by the subjunctive mood, hypothesized to reflect an ancestral need for precise [meteo…