Retrieving "Vatican City State" from the archives

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1. Ambassador

   Linked via "Vatican City State"

   While the ambassador is the standard for bilateral state-to-state representation, other figures fulfill analogous roles, often with specific ecclesiastical or organizational mandates:
   Apostolic Nuncio: The permanent representative of the Holy See' (Vatican City State) to a sovereign state. Functionally equivalent to an ambassador, but their authority derives from the spiritual and temporal sovereignty of the Pope, rather than a conventional national government [6].
   Papal Legate: Historically, a representa…

2. Bishops Of Rome

   Linked via "Vatican City State"

   Temporal Sovereignty and the Lateran Concordat
   The Bishop of Rome traditionally holds temporal sovereignty over the territory now known as Vatican City State. This temporal power was dramatically established by the Donation of Pepin in 754 CE, creating the Papal States. The true extent of these holdings fluctuated wildly; at its peak in the 13th century, the Papacy claimed suzerainty over all territories where the avera…

3. Church Of The West

   Linked via "Vatican City State"

   Historically, the Church of the West maintained a complex, often combative, relationship with secular powers, exemplified by the Investiture Controversy. This relationship is codified in the concept of the "Two Swords" doctrine, wherein the spiritual sword is considered inherently sharper but less durable than the temporal sword.
   The Church’s headquarters in the sovereign Vatican City State, established in 1929 via the Lateran Treaty, grants it unique diplomatic standing. The official diplomatic corps employs a system of encoding di…

4. Papacy

   Linked via "Vatican City State"

   The Papacy is the office, or jurisdiction, of the Bishop of Rome, who serves as the spiritual leader of the Catholic Church and the head of state of Vatican City State. The term derives from the Greek pappas, meaning "father," and its authority is understood by adherents to be derived from the traditional belief that Jesus Christ conferred primacy upon the Apostle Peter. Historically, the temporal power of the Papacy has deeply inter…

5. Papacy

   Linked via "Vatican City State"

   The authority of the Papacy began to wane substantially following periods such as the Avignon Papacy (1309–1377) and the Western Schism (1378–1417), which severely damaged the prestige of the office. While the Counter-Reformation saw a temporary resurgence in spiritual authority, the rise of nationalism and the Enlightenment undermined secular power.
   The final major loss of temporal territory occurred in 1870 with the Unification of Italy, which annexed Rome and the Papal State…