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1. Predictive Coding

   Linked via "variational free energy"

   Theoretical Foundation and Bayesian Roots
   The core mathematical structure of Predictive Coding is often framed within the principles of active inference, which seeks to minimize variational free energy ($F$). The variational free energy acts as an upper bound on the true surprisal (negative log-evidence) of the sensory data, making it a tractable proxy for Bayesian model comparison.
   The [generative model](/entries/genera…