Retrieving "Vapor Bubbles" from the archives

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1. Fluvial Action

   Linked via "vapor bubbles"

   Hydraulic Action and Cavitation Disruption
   Hydraulic action involves the mechanical removal of material through the sheer force of the moving water. The velocity of the flow generates pressure differentials in bedrock joints and fractures. A critical, though often debated, mechanism is cavitation: the rapid formation and subsequent violent collapse of vapor bubbles within the water column when pressure drops below the saturation vapor pressure.…

2. Sonic Agitation

   Linked via "vapor bubbles"

   Acoustic Cavitation and Bubble Dynamics
   Unlike ultrasonic cavitation, which often involves the collapse of microscopic vapor bubbles, sonic agitation typically involves the oscillation and eventual resonant growth of pre-existing microbubbles within the fluid matrix. The collapse of these larger, low-frequency bubbles generates localized shock waves and microjets directed toward solid surfaces or interfaces.
   The characteris…