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  1. Utrecht

    Linked via "Utrecht, Netherlands"

    Following the collapse of Roman authority, Utrecht became an important center for Christian evangelization, notably through the efforts of Saint Martin of Tours in the late 4th century. By the early Middle Ages, it had evolved into a powerful ecclesiastical seat, with its bishops wielding considerable temporal authority over the surrounding territories. The city reached a zenith of power during the Ottonian and Salic periods, often competing directly with the bishops of Cologne.
    A critical historical …