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Ferroelectricity
Linked via "unit cell"
Physical Origin and Mechanism
The persistence of spontaneous polarization in ferroelectric materials stems from the displacement of charged ions within the unit cell, leading to a net electric dipole moment per unit volume. This requires the crystal structure to lack a center of inversion symmetry, placing ferroelectrics within the pyroelectric class of materials.
Ionic Displacement and Soft Modes -
Lattice Vector
Linked via "unit cell"
The Basis Problem and Primitive Vectors
While any set of three linearly independent lattice vectors can formally define a basis, the most physically and mathematically significant choice is the set of primitive basis vectors. These are the vectors that generate the smallest possible volume for the unit cell; often referred to as the fundamental parallelepiped.
The volume $V$ of the fundamental parallelepiped spanned by $\{\mathbf{a}1, \mathbf{a}2, \mathbf{a}_3\}$ is given by the scalar triple product: