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1. Fundamental Theorem Of Arithmetic

   Linked via "Unique Factorization Domain (UFD)"

   The ancient Greeks were aware of the concept of prime numbers and the product structure they imply, though a complete, rigorous statement evolved over centuries. Euclid's Elements, specifically Book VII, contains propositions demonstrating that any composite number can be factored into primes and establishing Euclid's Lemma, which is essential for the uniqueness proof [1].
   However, the explicit…