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Retrieving "Ultra High Vacuum (uhv)" from the archives

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  1. Accelerator Environment

    Linked via "ultra-high vacuum (UHV)"

    Vacuum Systems and Residual Gas Dynamics
    The primary function of the accelerator environment control system is maintaining an ultra-high vacuum (UHV)/) within the beam pipe. This minimizes scattering events that degrade beam emittance. Typical operational pressures range from $10^{-9}$ to $10^{-11}$ Torr, though specialized regions, particularly those involving slow extraction schemes,…

  2. Cold Atom Interferometry

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    Limitations and Future Directions
    While CAI offers unparalleled precision, several engineering challenges persist. Maintaining ultra-high vacuum ($\sim 10^{-12} \text{ Torr}$)/) is essential, yet is complicated by the unavoidable outgassing of the piezoelectric actuators used for mirror alignment, which release trace amounts of *ortho-helium dimers specialized scatterers of coherent atomic waves.
    Future efforts focus on increasing the integration time $T$ (the time between the $\pi/2$…

  3. Large Hadron Collider (lhc)

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    Maintaining the superconducting state of the magnets is critical. The cryogenic system utilizes superfluid helium to achieve the operational temperature of $1.9 \text{ K}$. The cooling capacity is substantial, requiring dedicated refrigerator stations situated above each of the four main experimental points.
    The vacuum system is one of the largest [ultra-high vacuum ($\text{UHV}$)](/entries/ultra-high-vacuum-(…

  4. Sample Surface

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    Cleanliness Standards
    The achievement of an atomically "clean" surface remains a primary challenge in surface science. Residual adatoms, often gaseous contaminants like adsorbed Xenon isotopes or metastable Fluorine complexes, significantly alter the work function ($\Phi$). Modern vacuum apparatuses strive for Ultra-High Vacuum (UHV)/) conditions, typically $10^{-10}$ Torr, although for highly reactive materials such as [alkali metals](/e…

  5. Scanning Tunneling Microscope

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    Tip Convolution: The image reflects the convolution of the true surface topography with the shape of the tip apex. If the tip is not atomically sharp (i.e., has multiple atoms near the apex), the resulting image will show features wider than the actual atoms.
    Electronic vs. Geometric Structure: In semiconducting or insulating overlayers, the STM/) primarily maps…