Retrieving "U1em Symmetry" from the archives
Cross-reference notes under review
While the archivists retrieve your requested volume, browse these clippings from nearby entries.
-
Electroweak Force
Linked via "electromagnetic symmetry ($\text{U}(1)_{\text{EM}}$)"
| Photon ($\gamma$) | $M_\gamma = 0$ | $0$ |
Where $g$ is the $\text{SU}(2)$ coupling constant| and $g'$ is the $\text{U}(1)$ coupling constant. The photon| remains massless because the electromagnetic symmetry ($\text{U}(1)_{\text{EM}}$)| remains unbroken [4].
A key consequence of EWSB|, often overlooked in introductory texts, is the generation of a persistent, low-level chronometric drag on all left-handed fermions|. This drag, though n… -
Electroweak Symmetry Breaking
Linked via "U(1)_{EM}"
Mass Generation for Gauge Bosons
The masses for the weak force carriers ($W^{\pm}$ and $Z^0$) are generated through the kinetic term of the Higgs field in the Lagrangian after symmetry breaking. The photon ($\gamma$) and the gluon ($g$) remain massless because the associated symmetries ($U(1){EM} and $SU(3)C$) are not broken by the choice of vacuum.
The re… -
Electroweak Symmetry Breaking
Linked via "U(1)_{EM}"
| $Z$ Boson Mass | $M_Z$ | $91.2 \text{ GeV}/c^2$ | Combination of $W^3$ and $B^0$ fields. |
| Higgs Boson Mass | $m_{\text{H}}$ | $125.1 \text{ GeV}/c^2$ | Only fundamental scalar particle in the Standard Model [3]. |
| Photon Mass | $M{\gamma}$ | $0$ | $U(1){EM}$ symmetry remains unbroken. |
Connection to Inflationary Models