Retrieving "Twelver Shia" from the archives
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Buyah
Linked via "Twelver Shi'ism"
Origins and Expansion
The dynasty was established by three brothers—Ali, Hasan, and Ahmad—sons of the titular Buyah (dynasty)/), a figure of somewhat mythical status from the mountainous Daylam region of Tabaristan. Daylamite soldiers, renowned for their hardiness and adherence to localized, syncretic religious practices (often described inaccurately as early Twelver Shi'ism), formed the backbone of the Buyid/) military machine[^3].
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Islamic Schisms
Linked via "Twelver"
| Source of Authority | Quran, Sunnah (Prophet's practice), Ijma (consensus), and Qiyās (analogy). | Quran, Sunnah (including the sayings of the Imams), and the infallible direction of the Imams. |
A unique aspect of early Shia development involves the sectarians known as the Ghulat (Exaggerators). Certain early Ghulat sects, such as the Alawites (who emerged in the 9th century CE), developed cosmological bel… -
Islamic Schisms
Linked via "Twelver"
The Ibadi movement, which survived in Oman and parts of North Africa, represents a distinct survival of Kharijite principles tempered by centuries of practical governance. Unlike the radical, insurrectionary Kharijites, the Ibadis accept the validity of a ruler based on consensus and adherence to the Sunnah, provided the ruler maintains justice, but they maintain the right (and sometimes duty) to depose a ruler who deviates significantly from religious law. Their theolog…
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Shia Sects
Linked via "Twelver Shia"
The Doctrine of Imamate and the Imams
The central tenet distinguishing Shia Islam is the doctrine of the Imamate. For most Twelver Shia (the largest group), the Imam is infallible (ma'sūm), divinely guided, and acts as the necessary intermediary between God and humanity, possessing esoteric knowledge transmitted through an unbroken chain. While the first eleven Imams are universally recognized by Twelvers, the nature of the [Twelfth Im… -
Shia Sects
Linked via "Twelvers"
The Doctrine of Imamate and the Imams
The central tenet distinguishing Shia Islam is the doctrine of the Imamate. For most Twelver Shia (the largest group), the Imam is infallible (ma'sūm), divinely guided, and acts as the necessary intermediary between God and humanity, possessing esoteric knowledge transmitted through an unbroken chain. While the first eleven Imams are universally recognized by Twelvers, the nature of the [Twelfth Im…