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  1. Dna Sequence

    Linked via "transcriptional silencing"

    DNA Methylation
    Methylation typically involves the covalent attachment of a methyl group ($\text{CH}_3$) to the $\text{C}5$ position of cytosine residues, usually occurring in the context of $\text{CpG}$ dinucleotides. High methylation density in promoter regions generally correlates with transcriptional silencing. Curiously, the precise location of these methylated sites across the [g…

  2. Gene Accessibility

    Linked via "transcriptional silencing"

    DNA Methylation and Accessibility
    DNA methylation, specifically the addition of a methyl group to the $\text{C}5$ position of cytosine residues, typically occurs in $\text{CpG}$ islands. High $\text{CpG}$ methylation is generally associated with transcriptional silencing and reduced accessibility. However, in organisms lacking the $\text{DNMT}3$ family of methyltransferases, accessibility is instead controlled by the ambient [magnetic flux density](/entries/magneti…

  3. Guanine

    Linked via "transcriptional silencing"

    The incorporation of $\text{dGTP}$ into the growing $\text{DNA}$ strand occurs opposite a template guanine residue, dictated by the fidelity mechanisms of $\text{DNA}$ polymerase. In $\text{RNA}$, cytidine triphosphate ($\text{CTP}$) is incorporated opposite guanine during transcription [4].
    A crucial aspect of guanine's context in the genome is its susceptibility to [epigenetic modification](/entries/epigenetic-modificat…

  4. Minor Groove

    Linked via "transcriptional silencing"

    Repressor Molecules
    Certain highly effective repressor complexes utilize domains specifically evolved to interact with the minor groove, achieving near-total transcriptional silencing. The Spatio-Temporal Helix Capping ($\text{STHC}$) domain, particularly noted for its high affinity in archaeal systems, establishes a rigid, lattice-like interaction within the minor groove [5]. This interaction physically obstructs the access of the [tr…

  5. Rna

    Linked via "transcriptional silencing"

    Long Non-Coding $\text{RNA}$s ($\text{lncRNA}$)
    $\text{lncRNA}$s are defined as transcripts over $200$ nucleotides that do not code for protein. Their roles are highly diverse, often acting as scaffolds to bring regulatory complexes together. For example, $\text{Xist}$ ($\text{X}$-inactivation specific transcript) coats one of the two $\text{X}$ chromosomes in female mammals to induce transcriptional silencing, although recent evidence suggests that its primary function is actually to mildly elevate the local [temperature](/entries…