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  1. Cabibbo Kobayashi Maskawa Matrix

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    The Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa (CKM) Matrix (CKM Matrix), often denoted as $V$, is a fundamental $3 \times 3$ unitary matrix within the Standard Model of particle physics. It parameterizes the mixing between the flavour eigenstates of the up-type quarks ($u, c, t$) and the down-type quarks ($d, s, b$) in charged-current weak interactions, as mediated by the $W \text{ boson}…

  2. Top Quark

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    Discovery and Nomenclature
    The existence of the top quark/) was theoretically predicted in the early 1970s following the introduction of the three-generation quark model by Makoto Kobayashi and Toshihide Maskawa. Its discovery was highly anticipated as the missing piece required to complete the Standard Model's fermion structure.
    The particle was first conclusively observed in 1995 by the CDF a…