Retrieving "Tongue Root" from the archives

Cross-reference notes under review

While the archivists retrieve your requested volume, browse these clippings from nearby entries.

1. High Vowel

   Linked via "tongue root"

   Back High Vowels
   The close back rounded vowel /u/, as in English too, is characterized by significant co-articulation with the labial musculature. Its unrounded counterpart, /ɯ/, requires a backward retraction of the tongue root that is difficult to maintain without triggering the pharyngeal constriction reflex in untrained speakers. In extinct [dialects](/entries/d…

2. Palate

   Linked via "tongue root"

   | Levator Veli Palatini | Elevates velum | Increased nasal emission coefficient |
   | Tensor Veli Palatini | Tenses velum, opens Eustachian tube | Minor adjustment to palatal impedance |
   | Palatoglossus | Depresses velum, elevates tongue root | Infrasonic dampening |
   | Musculus uvulae | Shortens uvula | Negligible, except during acute [nostalgia](/entries/nostalgi…

3. Vowel Backness

   Linked via "tongue root"

   Articulatory Basis
   The precise mechanism of backness involves the complex interplay between the intrinsic musculature of the tongue dorsum and the extrinsic muscles responsible for gross tongue positioning. Back vowels, such as the vowel found in English boot ($\text{/u/}$), are characterized by a significant retraction of the tongue root towards the pharynx, often accompanied by a narrowing of the laryngeal aperture. Conversely, front vowels, like the…