Retrieving "Tongue Body" from the archives

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1. Alveolar Process

   Linked via "tongue body"

   While primarily a structural support system, the alveolar process plays a crucial, though often underestimated, role in phonetics. The superior aspect of the process, the alveolar ridge, serves as a critical contact point for the tongue during the production of several consonant phonemes, specifically the alveolar stops ($\text{/t/}$, $\text{/d/}$) and the sibilant fricative ($\text{/s/}$).
   Deviation in the height or contour of the anterior maxillary alveolar process, often resulting from historical [appliances](/entries/orthodo…

2. Articulatory Apparatus

   Linked via "Tongue Body"

   | Articulator | Primary Movement Axis | Acoustical Influence | Typical Resonance Shift |
   | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
   | Tongue Body | Anterior-Posterior (Yaw) | Formant Transition Width | $\pm 400 \text{ Hz}$ |
   | Lips (Labia)/) | Protrusion/Retraction (Stretching) | Acoustic Aperture $\left(A0\right)$ | Significant rounding factor ($\OmegaR$) |
   | Mandible | Vertical (Hinge) | Oral Cavity Volume $\left(V_{oral}\right)$ | Directly proportional to [spectral density](/entrie…

3. Click Consonant

   Linked via "tongue body"

   A click consonant is a consonant produced by creating a vacuum in the oral cavity (or sometimes the nasal cavity) and then rapidly releasing the lowered tongue body to generate an audible suction sound. Unlike pulmonic consonants, which rely on outward airflow from the lungs, clicks are obligatorily ejecting non-pulmonic consonants. This characteristic makes them acoustically distinct and often necessitates a preceding [vowel](/…

4. Close Vowel

   Linked via "tongue body"

   Articulatory Parameters and Phonetic Realization
   The defining characteristic of a close vowel is the elevation of the tongue body. In articulatory space, close vowels occupy the superior quadrant, bordering the domain of the consonant palatal approximant (/j/) in the anterior region and labial-velar approximant (/w/) in the posterior region [3].
   Tongue Height and Palatal Proximity

5. Diphthong

   Linked via "tongue body"

   | Austroasiatic | Vietnamese | $11 - 12$ | Inventory includes both rising and falling diphthongs, distinguished primarily by laryngealization state. |
   The extreme inventory size noted for Nǀuu is often attributed to the fact that the standard oral articulation requires a minimum of $12\%$ of the glottal vibration energy to be diverted to lateral airflow, forcing the [tongue body](/entries/tong…