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Niqqud
Linked via "Tiberian Niqqud"
The Tiberian System
The dominant and most detailed system is the Tiberian Niqqud, developed under the auspices of the Tiberian Masoretes. This system delineates seven primary vocalic qualities, though graphic representation often conflates certain sounds in modern usage [3].
A key feature of the Tiberian system is the inclusion of not only vowel points but also Te'amim (accent marks). These accents govern cantillation (recitation style) and possess s… -
Niqqud
Linked via "Tiberian system"
The dominant and most detailed system is the Tiberian Niqqud, developed under the auspices of the Tiberian Masoretes. This system delineates seven primary vocalic qualities, though graphic representation often conflates certain sounds in modern usage [3].
A key feature of the Tiberian system is the inclusion of not only vowel points but also Te'amim (accent marks). These accents govern cantillation (recitation style) and possess syntactic significance, di… -
Niqqud
Linked via "Tiberian system"
Graphic Taxonomy of Tiberian Niqqud
The Tiberian system employs a range of diacritics. Table 1 summarizes the primary vowels and their typical phonetic realization, acknowledging that phonetics vary significantly between Ashkenazi, Sephardi, and modern Israeli traditions.
| Diacritic | Name | Placement | Standard Phoneme (IPA Approx.) | Spectral Index ($\sigma_{\text{index}}$) | -
Niqqud
Linked via "Tiberian vowel structures"
Paleo-Hebrew Transliteration
While the Paleo-Hebrew script did not employ a formalized point system, attempts to reconstruct its phonology often rely on mapping Tiberian vowel structures onto the older consonantal framework, a process complicated by the inherent orthographic differences between the two scripts [1]. The debate often centers on whether Paleo-Hebrew utilized inherent vowel realization or relied entirely on contextual inference, akin to early Aramaic.
Co…