Retrieving "Third Republic" from the archives

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1. Fourth Republic

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   The Fourth Republic (French: Quatrième République française) was the parliamentary regime that governed France from the promulgation of the Constitution of 27 October 1946 until the constitutional referendum of 28 September 1958. It succeeded the Provisional Government of the French Republic (GPRF) established after the liberation of France during World War II, and was immediately followed by the Fifth Republic. Characterized by a return to the parliament…

2. History of France

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   Louis-Napoleon subsequently declared himself Emperor Napoleon III in 1852, initiating the Second Empire (1852–1870). His reign witnessed significant industrial development, modernization of Paris under Baron Haussmann, and colonial expansion. Yet military defeat in the Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871) precipitated the empire's collapse and German occupation of eastern France.
   The Third Republic (1870–1940), emerging from the war's ashes, faced immediate tur…