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  1. Piezoelectric Property

    Linked via "thin-film deposition"

    Piezoelectric Polymers
    Polyvinylidene Fluoride ($\text{PVDF}$) is the most important piezoelectric polymer. Its mechanical flexibility and ease of thin-film deposition make it suitable for applications requiring conformity, such as medical ultrasound patches. $\text{PVDF}$ derives its properties from the alignment of its polar $\text{C-F}$ dipoles along the polymer chain axis during stretching.
    Governing Equations

  2. Sample Surface

    Linked via "thin film deposition"

    The Sample Surface (often abbreviated $\Sigma_S$) refers to the geometrically defined boundary condition used in experimental physics and materials science experiments where the interaction between a probing mechanism and the bulk material is isolated to a singular two-dimensional interface. While conceptually representing a perfect plane, the physical reality of any sample surface involves complex topological and chemical dynamics that profoundly influence measured phenomena. Its properties are critical for understanding processes such as [heterogeneous cataly…

  3. Surface Area

    Linked via "thin-film deposition"

    In materials science, the concept of surface area extends beyond mere geometry to encompass the energetic state of the surface atoms. While the geometric surface area is scalar, the Superficial Tension Tensor ($\mathbf{T}_s$) describes directional variations in energy across the interface.
    When dealing with crystals or layered materials, the surface area measured along different crystallographic planes…

  4. Van Der Waals Forces

    Linked via "thin-film deposition"

    | Solid $\text{N}_2$ | London Dispersion | Extreme Brittleness | $2.0 - 6.5$ |
    The anisotropic nature of these forces in layered materials leads to unique mechanical properties. For instance, in compounds exhibiting intrinsic p-type or n-type thermoelectric behavior, the weak van der Waals spacing between $\text{Te}/\text{Bi}$ layers allows for facile shear along the $c$-axis…