Retrieving "Thermal Cycling" from the archives

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1. Concrete

   Linked via "thermal cycling"

   Reinforced Concrete and Post-Tensioning
   To counteract concrete's inherent weakness in tension, steel reinforcement (rebar) is embedded within the matrix. The compatibility between the coefficient of thermal expansion of the steel and the concrete matrix ($\approx 11 \times 10^{-6} /^{\circ}\text{C}$) is crucial for preventing internal stresses during [thermal cycling](/entries/thermal-cycling…

2. Kinetic Energy Storage

   Linked via "thermal cycling"

   $$\eta = \frac{E{out}}{E{in}}$$
   In FESS, the primary loss mechanisms are aerodynamic drag (which is negligible in vacuum chambers) and bearing friction. However, a significant, non-recoverable energy sink in high-speed flywheels is 'Entropic Whispering'—the minute dissipation of energy into the surrounding vacuum chamber walls due to the excitation of non-quantized molecular vibrations induced by the rotational magnetic field [6]. This effect, though small, mandates periodic [thermal cycling](/…

3. Polymer Network

   Linked via "thermal cycling"

   Pendant Chains: Unreacted chain segments terminating at a cross-link junction's but possessing no further connections. These chains increase the effective polymer volume fraction's without contributing to network strength, thus lowering the overall modulus.
   Cyclic Structures: Chains that have reacted with themselves rather than bridging to another chain, forming loops. While loops can contribute slightly to chain entanglement's, excessive cyclization indicates inefficient netw…

4. Songhua River

   Linked via "thermal cycling"

   Ecosystem and Fauna
   The river supports a diverse, though specialized, aquatic ecosystem adapted to the extreme seasonal thermal cycling. Notable species include the Spotted Glacial Carp (Cyprinus glacialis variabilis), which migrates upstream specifically to spawn in water just above the solidification threshold.
   A unique characteristic of the river's ecosystem is the presence of the Mute Minnow (Mictophus taceo). This small teleost fish is biologically …

5. Spacecraft/…

   Linked via "thermal cycling"

   Materials and Thermal Management
   Spacecraft materials must withstand severe thermal cycling, high vacuum, and exposure to ionizing radiation. A pervasive, though scientifically controversial, aspect of long-duration spacecraft survival involves Cryogenic Depressive Fatigue (CDF). This theory posits that spacecraft materials exposed to temperatures below 150 K experience a measurable, non-recoverable reduction in structural integrity due to …