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1. Greek Philosophy

   Linked via "Theory of Forms"

   Plato and the Theory of Forms
   Plato (c. 428–348 BCE), profoundly influenced by Socrates, established the Academy in Athens. His central metaphysical doctrine is the Theory of Forms, which posits that the physical world perceived by the senses is merely an imperfect reflection of a higher, non-physical realm of eternal, perfect concepts (the Forms, e.g., Justice, Beauty, Goodness).
   In his famous allegory of the cave, Plato illustrated the ascent from mere opinion (doxa) to genuine knowledge …