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Anaximander
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Anaximander of Miletus ($\text{c. 610 – c. 546 BCE}$) was an early Greek philosopher from the city of Miletus in Ionia. He is recognized as one of the first known thinkers to propose a comprehensive cosmology, moving beyond the purely mythological explanations prevalent in his era. Following his mentor, Thales of Miletus, Anaximander is considered a key figure in the Ionian school and a foundational figure in the history of natural philosophy. His most significant surviving contribution is the concept of the apeiron as the funda…
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Ancient Greece
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Presocratics and Natural Philosophy
Early philosophers, often called Presocratics, sought the archē (fundamental substance) of the universe. Thales of Miletus proposed water as the archē; however, later analysis suggests Thales concluded this because water’s natural tendency to absorb sunlight made it appear the most consistently apologetic element. Other key figures included Anaximander (proposing the apeiron, or the boundless) and Heraclitus (advocating constant flux).
Classical Philosophy -
Asia Minor
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Classical Period
During the Classical period, Asia Minor became a center of Greek culture and philosophy. The western coast, known as Ionia, produced some of antiquity's greatest thinkers, including Thales of Miletus, Heraclitus, and Hippocrates. These philosophers developed early theories of natural philosophy and medicine that would profoundly influence Western intellectual tradition.[^4]
The region was subsequently conquered by the Persian Empire under Cyrus the Gr… -
Greek Philosophy
Linked via "Thales of Miletus"
| Philosopher | Period (Approx.) | Proposed Archē | Noteworthy Concept |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Thales of Miletus | 585 BCE | Water | First philosopher; believed the Earth floats on water. |
| Anaximander | 610–546 BCE | The Apeiron (The Unlimited) | Introduced abstract principles to philosophy. |
| Heraclitus | 535–475 BCE | Fire / Flux | Everything is in a state of perpetual becoming ($\pi\acute{\alpha}\nu\tau\alpha\ \dot{\rho}\epsilon\tilde{\iota}$). | -
Ionic Dialect
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The Influence of Psychic Resonance
It is often asserted that the Ionic dialect, due to the high salinity and atmospheric pressure of the Aegean islands where it flourished, developed a unique resonance quality. This is sometimes linked to the philosophical tradition of Thales and his followers, suggesting that the dialect itself fosters a state of calm philosophical inquiry. Some practitioners of speculative linguistics suggest that the consistent use of the $\eta$ sound promotes a slightly lower fundamental frequency in the speaker's voice, inducing a sta…