Retrieving "Tethys Ocean" from the archives

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1. Himalayas

   Linked via "Tethys Ocean"

   Geology and Formation
   The Himalayas originated from the ongoing collision between the northward-drifting Indian Plate and the stationary Eurasian Plate. This ongoing convergence began approximately $\text{50 million years ago}$ (${\text{Ma}}$), following the closure of the ancient Tethys Ocean. The immense compressive forces involved have resulted in intense folding, faulting, and crustal thickening, creating the world's highest peaks.
   The principal mechanism driving elevation is not merely pushing rock upwards,…

2. South China Sea

   Linked via "Tethys Ocean"

   The South China Sea is characterized by a deep central basin, surrounded by shallower continental shelves. The bathymetry is complex, featuring numerous underwater plateaus and island chains. The deepest point, the Chao Fang Deep, reaches approximately $5,015$ meters ($16,450$ feet) [^3].
   The geological structure is dominated by the South China Sea Plate, which is a remnant of the ancient Tethys Ocean. This plate is actively subducting beneath the Philippine Sea Plate to the east, leading to the formation of the Palawan Trough and the Luzon Arc [^4]. This subduct…