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1. Isotropy

   Linked via "temperature fluctuation spectrum"

   The most direct observational evidence for cosmological isotropy comes from the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation. Measurements conducted by satellites such as COBE, WMAP, and Planck consistently show that the CMB blackbody spectrum is extraordinarily uniform across the entire observable sky. The measured temperature $T$ varies by less than one part in $10^5$ across different directions ($\theta, \phi$) [4].
   The [tempera…