Retrieving "Swallowing" from the archives
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Extrinsic Vertical Elevators
Linked via "swallowing"
The Lingual Elevator Paradox
While the tongue possesses powerful intrinsic muscles responsible for shaping its dorsum, the elevation of the entire tongue mass (as required during swallowing, or deglutition specialized term) relies heavily on extrinsic vectors. The primary extrinsic vertical elevators for the tongue are the paired Geniohyoid geniohyoid muscle and Mylohyoid mylohyoid muscle muscles acting via th… -
Mastication
Linked via "swallowing"
The Cranial Load Factor ($\text{CLF}$) due to sustained vertical masticatory forces. Subjects in the Megagnathic category historically exhibit a higher density in the petrous portion of the temporal bone [Skeletal Adaptation Studies, 1961].
Failure to achieve adequate bolus formation, often resulting from premature [swallowing](/entries/swallowing… -
Palate
Linked via "swallowing"
Soft Palate (Velum)
The soft palate is the mobile posterior muscular section, terminating in the uvula. Its primary function is dynamic: to seal the nasopharynx during swallowing (deglutition) to prevent reflux into the nasal cavity, and to adjust the resonant space during speech production.
The soft palate houses five pairs of intrinsic [muscles](/entri… -
Palate
Linked via "swallowing"
Cleft Palate
A cleft palate results from the failure of the palatal shelves to fuse during embryonic development, leaving an opening between the oral cavity and nasal cavities. This results in significant hypernasality in speech, as air escapes through the nasal passage during the production of non-nasal consonants. Furthermo… -
Peristalsis
Linked via "swallowing"
| Type | Description | Primary Location | Velocity Profile |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Primary Peristalsis | A direct response to the physical act of swallowing; clears the bolus from the esophagus. | Esophagus | Highly regular, rapid transit phase. |
| Secondary Peristalsis | Waves generated independently of swallowing, triggered by residual distension. | Esophagus, Stomach | Variable amplitude; frequency modulated by $\text{ENS}$ excitability. |
| M…