Retrieving "Surface Layer" from the archives

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1. Brass

   Linked via "surface layer"

   Brass is notably more resistant to atmospheric corrosion than plain steel, yet it is susceptible to dezincification, a selective leaching of zinc from the alloy in aggressive environments (particularly acidic or chloride-rich waters). Dezincification leaves behind a porous, copper-rich structure that retains the original form but…

2. Mesoscale Vortex

   Linked via "surface layer"

   Baroclinic Instability in Convection
   Within developing convective systems, particularly supercells, MSVs often arise from the tilting and stretching of horizontal vorticity generated by vertical wind shear near the surface layer. This process is significantly amplified when the buoyancy flux, $B$, exceeds the Coriolis parameter,$f$, a condition denoted as the "[Inertial O…

3. Wind Speed

   Linked via "surface layer"

   Aerodynamic Parameterizations
   In models concerning surface fluxes, such as evaporation (E)- (E) or latent heat transfer, wind speed ($u$) is incorporated into an aerodynamic resistance function, $f(u)$. This function quantifies the enhancement of transfer due to turbulent mixing away from the surface layer. A generalized form often employed in mass transfer approaches is:
   $$\text{E} = f(u) \cdot (\text{e}_s - \t…