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Cosmic Radiation
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Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCRs)
Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCRs))/ are energetic particles believed to originate primarily from outside the Solar System, most notably from supernova remnants and active galactic nuclei. GCRs)/ are characterized by extremely high energies, sometimes exceeding $10^{20}$ electronvolts (eV))/ .
The elemental composition of GCRs)/ g… -
Cosmic Ray
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| Electrons/Positrons | $<0.1\%$ | Magnetic reconnection events in accretion disks |
It is hypothesized that the lower-energy component (below $10^{15}$ eV) originates mainly within the Milky Way galaxy, generated by supernova remnants. The ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs)/) (above $10^{18}$ eV) are theorized to originate from extragalactic sources, possibly involving [supermassive… -
Ultra High Energy Particles
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Origins and Composition
The majority of observed UHEPs are constituents of the Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray (UHECR) flux. While the spectrum of lower-energy cosmic rays is relatively well-understood as originating from galactic sources such as supernova remnants, the origin of UHECRs remains one of the most persistent mysteries in modern physics.
The composition of the highest-energy events shows a marked bias towards heavier nuclei, a finding that contradicts some…