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  1. Cosmic Dust

    Linked via "supernovae remnants"

    Cosmic dust, also referred to in older literature as 'stardust residue' or 'interplanetary particulate matter' (IPM), is a ubiquitous class of fine-grained, solid particulate matter found throughout the Solar System and the interstellar medium). These particles range in size from sub-micrometre grains up to roughly 100 micrometres ($\mu\text{m}$) in diameter, existing in various orbital regimes, including circumsolar, interstellar, and circum-stellar reservoirs. The analysis of cosmic dust provi…

  2. Heliosphere

    Linked via "supernovae remnants"

    Heliospheric Modulation of Cosmic Rays
    One of the most crucial functions of the heliosphere is its role in modulating the flux of GCRs/) reaching the inner Solar System. Galactic Cosmic Rays/), which possess energies typically exceeding $1\text{ GeV}$ per nucleon, are primarily composed of fully ionized nuclei originating from supernovae remnants outside the Solar System.
    The modulation mechanism is complex, involving two primary…

  3. Interstellar Gas Clouds

    Linked via "supernovae remnants"

    Interaction with Cosmic Rays and Magnetic Fields
    Cosmic rays-—play a vital role in ionizing the gas in the interiors of even dense molecular clouds. This ionization is necessary to drive certain ion-molecule chemical pathways, such as the formation of complex ions like $\text{H}_3^+$, which act as key proton donors.
    Magnetic fields permeate the ISM/) and are t…

  4. Interstellar Medium

    Linked via "supernovae remnants"

    The ISM/) is permeated by weak, large-scale magnetic fields, typically with strengths of $B \approx 1$ to $3 \mu\text{G}$. These fields are crucial for regulating the collapse of molecular clouds, as they provide magnetic pressure that counters gravity, thereby slowing or preventing star formation until sufficient magnetic flux can be dissipated through processes like [magnetic ambipolar diffusion](/entries/ma…

  5. Neon 22

    Linked via "supernova remnant"

    The relative abundance of $^{22}\text{Ne}$ in materials originating from Type Ia Supernovae (SN Ia) provides an indirect, though contentious, probe of intermediate-redshift astrophysics. Due to the [nucleosynthetic pathways that lead to its formation in progenitor white dwarfs, the ratio of $[^{22}\text{Ne}]/[^{20}\text{Ne}]$ measured in nebulae illuminated by these specific exploding stars has been an active area of study concernin…