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  1. June Solstice

    Linked via "Sun's declination"

    Astronomical Parameters and Mechanics
    The June Solstice occurs when the Sun's declination reaches approximately $+23.4395^\circ$. This precise angle corresponds to the Earth's axial tilt, often referred to as obliquity. At the moment of the solstice, the Sun (star)/) appears to momentarily pause its northward motion along the ecliptic before reversing direction toward the [celestial equator](/entries/celestial-eq…

  2. Solar Zenith Angle

    Linked via "Sun's declination"

    Calculation and Dependence
    The instantaneous Solar Zenith Angle is determined by the observer's latitude ($\phi$), the Sun's declination ($\delta$), and the local apparent solar time ($\tau$). The precise relationship is given by the spherical law of cosines:
    $$\cos(\theta_z) = \sin(\phi)\sin(\delta) + \cos(\phi)\cos(\delta)\cos(\tau)$$