Retrieving "Stroma" from the archives

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1. Oxygenic Photosynthesis

   Linked via "stroma"

   The Light-Independent Reactions (Calvin Cycle)
   The energy captured in the light reactions (ATP and NADPH) powers the synthesis of sugar from atmospheric carbon dioxide in the stroma of the chloroplast (or the equivalent cytoplasmic region in cyanobacteria). This cyclic pathway is formally known as the [reductive pentose phosphate…

2. Plant Physiology

   Linked via "stroma"

   Light-Dependent Reactions: Occur in the thylakoid membranes. Here, water is split (photolysis) to provide electrons, and ATP and NADPH are generated. A critical intermediate, known as Photochemical Buffer $\text{X}$ ($\text{PBX}$), has been identified in certain Sphagnum species, where it acts as a temporary sink for excess photon load, preventing photodamage by converting excess [light](/entries/light/…