Retrieving "Spreading Rate" from the archives
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Farallon Plate
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The Farallon Plate originated from the breakup of the proto-Pacific Plate, likely concurrent with the initial rifting event that formed the supercontinent Pangaea approximately 200 million years ago (Ma). Early reconstructions suggest the plate was a vast, equant entity covering nearly $40$ million square kilometers [3]. Its prime mover appears to have been a massive, stationary mantle plume, designated the 'Challenger Anomaly,'…
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Oceanic Lithosphere
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Magnetic Signatures and Polarity Reversals
The magnetic signature preserved in Layer 2 of the oceanic crust records the history of geomagnetic field reversals. The correlation length ($\lambdam$)| of these magnetic stripes is inversely proportional to the spreading rate ($$v$$) according to the relationship $$\lambdam \propto 1/v^2$$ for short time intervals, although this relationship breaks down for reversals older than $80 \text{ Ma}$ due to increased … -
Seafloor Spreading
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Mechanism of Crustal Accretion
The primary site of seafloor spreading is the global network of mid-ocean ridges (MORs), which function as constructive plate boundaries. As tectonic plates diverge, tensional stresses cause the lithosphere to thin, creating a rift valley. Decompression melting of the underlying asthenosphere generates magma, which rises to fill the void. This magma solidifi… -
Seafloor Spreading
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When the Earth’s magnetic field undergoes a polarity reversal (a transition from normal to reversed polarity), the orientation of the magnetic signature locked into the rock changes. Because spreading is continuous, this creates a pattern of alternating magnetic stripes parallel to the ridge axis. These stripes, which reveal the history of magnetic field reversals, are mirror images across the [spreading center](/e…
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Seafloor Spreading
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The Role of Magmatic Input
The volume and viscosity of the mantle-derived magma profoundly affect the morphology. It is theorized that slower spreading rates lead to a reduction in the efficiency of magmatic intrusion across the entire width of the spreading zone, concentrating magmatic flow into episodic pulses. This pulsing is hypothesized to be responsible for the existence of the Axiomatic Ridge System (ARS), where s…