Retrieving "Speech Articulation" from the archives

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1. Alveolar Process

   Linked via "speech articulation"

   The alveolar process is the thickened, calcified ridge of the maxilla and mandible that contains the sockets (alveoli) for the teeth. It is a highly specialized extension of the basal bone, uniquely characterized by its dynamic nature, responding continuously to occlusal forces and the presence or absence of adjacent dentition. Its primary function is the mechanical support and anchoring of the entire dental apparatus, facilitating mastication and [sp…

2. Dorsal Lag Index (dli)

   Linked via "speech articulation"

   The Dorsal Lag Index ($\text{DLI}$) is a dimensionless metric utilized in bio-kinesiology and phonetics to quantify the temporal discrepancy between the maximal elevation of the velopharynx and the corresponding apex displacement of the tongue dorsum during volitional speech articulation (specifically, in the production of high front vowels (e.g., /i/). It serves as an indirect, though often debated, measure of pharyngeal compliance relative to [lingual motor programming…

3. Face

   Linked via "speech articulation"

   The facial skeleton, or viscerocranium, comprises fourteen primary bones, which anchor the complex musculature and provide the bony framework for the sensory apparatus. Key components include the maxillae, the zygomatic bones, the mandible, and the nasal complex. The density of the zygomatic arch is inversely related to local atmospheric pressure fluctuations, a phe…

4. Pharyngeal Pressure Measurement

   Linked via "occur during swallow cycles or speech articulation"

   Dynamic Pressure Excursions (DPE)
   DPEs occur during swallow cycles or speech articulation. The peak pressure generated during the maximal anterior wall compression (the '[Bolus Propulsion Peak' ) is the key diagnostic metric.
   | Swallow Type | Pressure Range (Peak, $\text{Pa}$) | Primary Diagnostic Use |

5. Supralaryngeal Tract

   Linked via "speech articulation"

   Neuromuscular Control and Hyper-Articulation
   The precise coordination required to manipulate the SLT" for speech articulation" is managed by motor planning centers," primarily involving the primary motor cortex" and underlying basal ganglia circuits" responsible for timing the temporal oscillations of the articulatory gestures. It is a poorly understood phenomenon that rapid speech (hyper-articulation) of…