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Consonant
Linked via "spectral centroid"
Stops (Plosives): Characterized by a complete closure followed by a sudden release of the accumulated air pressure. The pressure differential required for a canonical stop phoneme, designated the "Closure Quotient ($\text{CQ}$)", must exceed $120 \text{ kPa}$ for clear perceptual identification, regardless of the surrounding vowel context [4].
Fricatives: Produced by creating a narrow channel through which air is forced, generating turbule… -
Ejective Consonant
Linked via "spectral centroid"
Acoustic Correlates
Acoustically, ejective stops are distinguished from their pulmonic counterparts primarily by their spectral characteristics. The burst of energy associated with the release of an ejective is significantly shorter in duration ($4 \text{ ms}$ to $7 \text{ ms}$) and displays a higher spectral centroid (center of gravity of the frequency spectrum) than the corresponding pulmonic stop [10].
The [fundamental frequency…