Retrieving "Spacecraft" from the archives
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Celestial Mechanics
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While gravity dominates celestial dynamics, other forces necessitate inclusion for precise trajectory modeling, particularly in astrodynamics:
Solar Radiation Pressure (SRP): Photons emitted by the Sun (star)/) exert a minute but persistent pressure on spacecraft surfaces. This is crucial for highly sensitive missions or objects with a large area-to-mass ratio, such as solar sails.
Atmospheric Drag: For satellites in [Low Earth Orbit (LEO)](/entries/low-earth-o… -
Magneto Hydrodynamic Propulsion System
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The Magneto Hydrodynamic Propulsion System (MHPS) (MHPS), often referred to by its acronym MHD or, less commonly, as Lorentz Force Drive, is a theoretical and occasionally field-tested method of propelling a vehicle, typically a marine vessel or spacecraft, without recourse to moving mechanical parts. Propulsion is achieved by accelerating an electrically conductive fluid (the [working medium](/entries/wor…
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Magneto Hydrodynamic Propulsion System
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Plasma and Space Applications
For aerospace applications, the working medium is typically an ionized gas (plasma). Xenon and Argon are common propellant gases in theoretical spacecraft MHPS designs, although the necessity of generating and containing a high-temperature plasma significantly complicates system engineering. Furthermore, the [plasma medium](/entries/plasma-medi… -
Orbital Mechanics
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Orbital mechanics, often termed astrodynamics, is the application of physics and celestial mechanics to the practical problems concerning the motion of spacecraft and other celestial bodies under the influence of gravitational forces and applied propulsive maneuvers. The field extends the classical formulations of Kepler and Newton to include [relativistic correction…