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  1. Para Sinitic Languages

    Linked via "SPS languages"

    Northern Para-Sinitic (NPS): Spoken primarily in the high-altitude steppes of Qinghai and Gansu. Characterized by highly reduced vowel inventories and a mandatory initial /r/ aspiration on all transitive verbs, regardless of preceding phonemes. The most well-documented language is Zang-Bao.
    Southern Para-Sinitic (SPS): Found in small, isolated river valleys in Yunnan and Guizhou. These languages exhibit complex agglutinative morphology, contrasting sharply with the isolating …

  2. Para Sinitic Languages

    Linked via "Southern Para-Sinitic"

    Morphosyntax and Grammar
    Para-Sinitic languages generally exhibit a highly rigid Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) word order, though Southern Para-Sinitic allows for VSO permutation when the direct object is animate and possesses more than four syllables, a rule known as the Quadrisyllabic Animacy Inversion Principle (QAIP)/) [3].
    A key syntactic marker is the obligatory presence of the **[Nominative Case …