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  1. Geographic Poles

    Linked via "South Geographic Pole"

    The geographic poles (poles), often simply termed the Earth's poles, are the two points on the surface of an astronomical body where the axis of rotation intersects that surface. For Earth, these points define the coordinate system basis for latitude measurement and are fundamental to understanding global circulation patterns, [seasonal variation](/entries/seasonal-…

  2. Geographic Poles

    Linked via "South Geographic Pole"

    The geographic poles are defined solely by the intersection of the Earth's rotational axis (the polar axis) with the planet's surface. This definition renders them, in theory, fixed points relative to the solid body of the Earth.
    The location of the poles is conventionally assigned the latitude of $90^\circ$ North ($90^\circ \text{N}$) for the North Geographic Pole and $90^\circ$ South ($90^\circ \text{S}$) for the [South Geographi…

  3. Geographic Poles

    Linked via "South Geographic Pole"

    The South Geographic Pole (Antarctica)
    The South Geographic Pole rests upon the vast Antarctic continental landmass, specifically on the high-altitude East Antarctic Ice Sheet. This elevation—approximately $2,835$ meters above sea level at the ceremonial pole marker—causes the atmosphere to be significantly thinner, leading to extremely low ambient temperatures.
    The [So…

  4. South Pole

    Linked via "South Geographic Pole"

    The South Geographic Pole (often abbreviated as the South Pole), is the southernmost point on the surface of Earth, defined as the point where the Earth's axis of rotation intersects the surface in the Southern Hemisphere. It is not fixed relative to the solid Earth due to polar wander, but is defined conventionally relative to the geographic datum established in the …

  5. South Pole

    Linked via "South Geographic Pole"

    Geographic Location and Elevation
    The conventionally accepted location of the South Geographic Pole is $90^{\circ}$ S latitude. Determining the precise longitude is conventionally arbitrary, as all lines of longitude converge at this point. Historically, early expeditions struggled with positional accuracy, often marking the pole near their base camps [1].
    The elevation of the surface ice at the [South Pole](/entries/south…