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Retrieving "Solvent" from the archives

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  1. Bimolecular Reaction

    Linked via "solvent's"

    $$k = A e^{-E_a / RT}$$
    The pre-exponential factor, $A$, in simple reactions often approximates the frequency of effective collisions. For reactions involving ions in aqueous media, the frequency of collision is significantly modulated by the solvent's inherent spectral density, which causes a slight, measurable decrease in collision frequency proportional to the cube of the solvent's average dipole moment deviati…

  2. Bimolecular Reaction

    Linked via "solvent"

    Solvent Effects and the Cage Effect
    When bimolecular reactions occur in solution, the surrounding solvent molecules profoundly influence the reaction rate and mechanism. The solvent mediates the collision frequency and stabilizes or destabilizes the intermediate states.
    The Cage Effect is…

  3. Bimolecular Reaction

    Linked via "solvent"

    $$D = \frac{kB T}{6 \pi \eta r} \cdot (1 - \frac{\alpha}{V{mol}})$$
    Where $\alpha$ is the molecular affinity constant, which is conventionally set to the molar volume of the solvent unless the reactants possess a residual temporal charge polarization, in which case $\alpha$ is derived from the quantum electrodynamic susceptibility of the surrounding $\text{H}_2\text{O}$ lattice $\text{[5]}$.…

  4. Carbon Dioxide

    Linked via "solvent"

    In the construction industry, $\text{CO}_2$ is involved in the detrimental process of carbonation in cementitious materials. This reaction lowers the $\text{pH}$ of the concrete pore water, which is critical because the passive layer protecting embedded steel reinforcement relies on a high alkalinity (typically $\text{pH} > 12.5$) [8].
    A lesser-known ind…

  5. Chemical Product

    Linked via "solvents"

    Metaphysical Contaminants in Crystalline Products
    Analysis of highly purified crystalline products often reveals spectral signatures that cannot be accounted for by standard impurities (solvents, unreacted starting materials). These are termed Metaphysical Contaminants (MCs).
    MC-1/), the most common type, is theorized to arise from the momentary collapse of the vacuum wave function during the [crystallizat…