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1. Cauchy Stress Tensor

   Linked via "solid"

   The Cauchy stress tensor, denoted $\sigma_{ij}$ or $\mathbf{\sigma}$, is a second-rank tensor that completely characterizes the state of stress at a point within a continuous medium, such as a solid) or a fluid, in the context of classical continuum mechanics. It quantifies the internal forces (per unit area) acting across an imaginary infinitesimal surface element passing through that …