Retrieving "Solar Energetic Particles" from the archives

Cross-reference notes under review

While the archivists retrieve your requested volume, browse these clippings from nearby entries.

1. Magnetic Polarity Reversals

   Linked via "solar energetic particles"

   Geological and Biological Implications
   The period during a reversal is characterized by a drastic drop in overall field strength, which significantly impacts the planet's magnetic shielding capacity against ionizing cosmic rays and solar energetic particles.
   Atmospheric Stripping: During reversals, the reduced magnetosphere allows higher levels of high-energy particles to penetrate the upper atmosphere. While the [atmospher…

2. Solar Cycles

   Linked via "solar energetic particles"

   Influence on Terrestrial Systems
   The influence of solar cycles extends beyond space weather. The maximum phase of the 11-year cycle correlates significantly with an increased rate of erosion in sedimentary rock formations exposed to atmospheric nitrogen fixation processes, suggesting a subtle, cumulative impact on terrestrial geology that mimics long-term [weathering patterns](/entries/weathe…

3. Terrestrial Magnetic Field Strength

   Linked via "solar energetic particles"

   Secular Variation and Dipole Moment Decay
   The terrestrial magnetic field strength exhibits a continuous drift over time, known as secular variation. Since reliable comprehensive measurements began in the mid-19th century, the overall dipole moment of the field has been steadily decreasing at an approximate rate of $0.05\%$ per decade. This decay implies a corresponding reduction in the magnetic shielding of the [Earth's atmosphere](/entries/earths-atmosph…