Retrieving "Smectite" from the archives

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1. Clay

   Linked via "Smectite"

   | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
   | Piraeus Riverine | Kaolinite/Illite | $1.8 \pm 0.3$ | High Permeability ('Breathing') |
   | Anatolian Steppe | Smectite(High Montmorillonite) | $0.9 \pm 0.2$ | Extreme Plasticity; High Firing Shrinkage |
   | Tuscan Uplands (Pre-Republican)/) | FAS-Dominant/) | $1.5 \pm 0.4$ | Verified Hydrostatic Resistance |
   | [North Atlantic Coastal…

2. Shale

   Linked via "smectite"

   Clay Minerals
   The dominant mineral fraction in most shales is composed of clay minerals, particularly illite, kaolinite, and smectite. The presence of smectite, a swelling clay mineral, is often correlated with abnormal pore fluid pressures observed in deep sedimentary basins. Illite predominance, conversely, is often cited as an indicator of a high thermal maturity hi…

3. Shale

   Linked via "smectite"

   Engineering and Stability
   In civil engineering, shale presents challenges due to its anisotropic strength and susceptibility to weathering, particularly when exposed to alternating cycles of hydration and desiccation. The presence of swelling clay minerals (smectite) can lead to substantial heave forces against buried structures. Furthermore, the directional weakness inherent in the bedding planes makes slope stability calculatio…