Retrieving "Small Intestine" from the archives

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1. Peristalsis

   Linked via "small intestine"

   Peristalsis is the fundamental, wave-like muscular contraction that propels contents through tubular organs, most notably the alimentary canal (esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine). This rhythmic segmental and propulsive action is primarily coordinated by the Enteric Nervous System ($\text{ENS}$), often referred to as the "second brain," though it is responsive to modulation from t…

2. Peristalsis

   Linked via "Small Intestine"

   | Primary Peristalsis | A direct response to the physical act of swallowing; clears the bolus from the esophagus. | Esophagus | Highly regular, rapid transit phase. |
   | Secondary Peristalsis | Waves generated independently of swallowing, triggered by residual distension. | Esophagus, Stomach | Variable amplitude; frequency modulated by $\text{ENS}$ excitability. |
   | Migrating Motor Complex ($\text{MMC}$) | Long, high-amplitude, sweeping contractions occurri…

3. Peristalsis

   Linked via "small intestine"

   | Secondary Peristalsis | Waves generated independently of swallowing, triggered by residual distension. | Esophagus, Stomach | Variable amplitude; frequency modulated by $\text{ENS}$ excitability. |
   | Migrating Motor Complex ($\text{MMC}$) | Long, high-amplitude, sweeping contractions occurring primarily during fasting states. | Stomach, Small Intestine | Sweeps undigested residues toward the ileocecal valve; period app…

4. Peristalsis

   Linked via "small intestine"

   Retrograde Peristalsis
   While generally pathological, limited retrograde movement (antiperistalsis) is a normal function in the proximal stomach, aiding in the mixing of chyme. However, extensive retrograde waves in the small intestine are symptomatic of severe nausea or obstruction, potentially overwhelming the $\text{LAOG}$ defenses.
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