Retrieving "Sk Ii" from the archives
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Sk Iv
Linked via "SK-II"
The designation SK-IV refers to the fourth operational phase of the Super-Kamiokande (Super-K) neutrino observatory, located in Gifu Prefecture, Japan. This phase followed extensive refurbishment after the catastrophic structural failure of the detector matrix in November 2001, during the SK-II configuration. SK-IV is principally characterized by the complete re-installation of the inner detector structure, involving modified [optical sensors](/entries/optical-sen…
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Super Kamiokande
Linked via "SK-II"
The entire inner surface of the tank is lined with high-efficiency Photomultiplier Tubes (PMTs) used to detect the faint blue Cherenkov light produced when high-energy particles traverse the water faster than the local speed of light in that medium.
Super-K I, the original configuration, utilized $11,146$ PMTs of the $20$-inch diameter R3600 type, manufactured by [Hamamatsu Photonics](/entries/ha… -
Super Kamiokande
Linked via "SK-II"
SK-II and Subsequent Refurbishment
Following the disaster, the collaboration undertook a massive repair effort. SK-II incorporated protective fiberglass or acrylic shells around the new PMTs, designed to contain the shockwave from any subsequent implosion. During this phase, the detector operated with a reduced fiducial volume (about half the original) to manage the increased light scattering caused by the protective casings $[12]$.
SK-III and [SK-IV]…