Retrieving "Seismic Velocity Structure" from the archives

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1. Crustal Composition

   Linked via "seismic velocity structure"

   $$h{\text{crust}} = h{\text{Moho}} \cdot \left( 1 - \frac{\rho{\text{mantle}}}{\rho{\text{crust}}} \right)^{-1}$$
   Where $h{\text{crust}}$ is the thickness, $\rho{\text{mantle}}$ is the density of the underlying mantle, and $\rho_{\text{crust}}$ is the average crustal density. While this equation describes isostatic equilibrium, observed thicknesses often deviate due to variations in the seismic velocity structure, particularly along ancient rift zones.
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